BUDGET : THE PROCESS INVOLVED IN BUDGETARY PROCESS IN INDIA

 ⭕ STEPS INVOLVED IN BUDGETARY PROCESS :-- 
  

❇️ Presentation of Budget

❇️ General Discussion

❇️ Scrutiny by DRSC {Department Related Standing Committee}

❇️ Voting for Demands For Grants {DFGs}

❇️ Appropriation Bill

❇️ Finance Bill

✳️ Presentation of Budget 

At first, presentation of Budget is done in Lok Sabha and is being initiated by Finance Minister along with Budget Speech.

          🔸 Budget Speech : When ministry of Finance comes and present the Budget in Lok Sabha then it is known as Budget Speech. But after it is being introduced in Lok Sabha, it is also introduced in Rajya Sabha.

          *It is introduced on 1 February of current year at 11 A.M.

✳️General Discussion 

The discussion of overall highlighted points of the Budget is done and it is donne in both Lok Sabha as well as Rajya Sabha.

       This lasts for almost 3-4 days and No Cut Motions are allowed in general discussion.

✳️ Scrutiny by DRSC ( department related standing committee)

 After the General Discussion, the Budget session is suspended for 3-4 weeks and in that time DRSC take up their works and function.

     (*There are 31 members in DRSC and 21 members are from Lok Sabha and 10 members are from Rajya Sabha)

The department related standing committee take up the Budget and scrutinize it line by line whether the demand are perfect or not. There is also no any Cut Motion in their scrutiny.

✳️ Voting for Demand For Grants 

After the scrutinize process, again the budget session starts and voting for DFGs are being done in Lok Sabha according to ARTICL 113. Rajya Sabha does not have any function in it. Here, the charged expenditure is not taken into consideration and it is only discussed upon. The limited time frame for it is only 26 days. If the minister disagree with the DFGs then he/she can use Cut Motion.

      (*It is the deduction from the demand of grants and moved by the opposition in Lok Sabha -- CUT MOTION)

The three types of Cut Motions are :

       🔸Policy Cut Motion

       🔸 Economy Cut Motion

       🔸Token Cut Motion

It is been said that if the Cut Motion become successful then the government will be unsuccessful.

✳️ Appropriation Bill

The fiscal demand of Grants (CHARGED EXPENDITURE + MADE EXPENDITURE ) are merged and made into a new Bill called Appropriation Bill. All though, these all are already discussed so, generally do not find any controversy. Due to this, it gets passed smoothly in both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. After that it is sent to the PRESIDENT for his/her assent and then it is treated as an APPROPRIATION ACT. So, after its enactment, Money granted by DFGs can be withdrawn by the concerned one. It has been tabled in ARTICLE 114 of the Constitution :

      ARTICLE 114 : THERE WILL BE NO GRANTS OF FUND FROM THE CONSOLIDATED FUND OR CONTENGENCY FUND OF INDIA WITHOUT DUE APPROPRIATION BY THE LOK SABHA.

✳️Finance Bill 

This, Finance Bill is a Money bill as defined in ARTICLE 110 of the constitution.

     It is generally the proposals of the government for levy of new taxes, modification of the existing tax structure or continuence of the existing tax structure beyond the period approved by Parliament are submitted to Parliament through Bill.

    However, the Rajya Sabha can recommend amendment/s in the bill. The bill has to be passed by Parliament with in 75 days of its introduction. *Once it get passed, we say that all the policy are legally implemented.

*One more thing to be noted that President cannot put his veto denying his assent because his approval has already been taken before it's introduction in Parliament.

After this it is finally said that the Budget for the following year is successfully passed...